Hematinics,anemia,types of anemias ,treatment,iron supplements,folic acid ,vitamin B12 ,filgrastim

Hematinics

Hematinics are essential compounds or required for the formation of blood. These agents are employed in the treatment of anemias.

Anemia is a condition in which a low number of red blood cells carrying adequate oxygen to tissues.

Types of anemias

• Iron deficiency anemia-due to excessive loss of iron.
• Hemolytic anemia-In hemolytic anemia red blood cells are destroyed faster than normal.
• Megaloblastic anemia-It is caused by a deficiency or an impaired utilization of vitamin B12 and /or folate.
• Aplastic anemia-A rare condition in which the body stops producing enough new blood cells due to bone marrow damage.
• Pernicious anemia-It can occur due to the inability to absorb vitamin B12 in small intesine . It is a type of megaloblastic anemia.
• Sickle cell anemia /sickle cell disease (SCD)-It is a genetic disease of the red blood cells . The red blood cells are shaped like sickles.
• Thalassemia-It is an inherited disorder and producing less hemoglobin than normal.

Classification of drugs

1) Minerals

• Copper 
• Iron 

2) Oral iron supplements 

• Ferrous fumarate
• Ferrous succinate 
• Ferrous gluconate
• Ferrous sulfate 
• Ferric ammonium citrate
• Iron calcium complex 

3) Parentral iron suppliments

• Iron dextran 
• Iron sucrose

4)Folic acid - pteroylglutamic acid

5)Vitamins 

• Vitamin -B12 or cyanocobalamine
• Vitamin-B6 or Pyridoxine
• Vitamine -B2 or riboflavin 

6)Hematopoietic growth factors 

• Erythropoietin  
• Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF)-Filgrastim 
• Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF)-Sargramostim
• Monocyte colony-stimulating factor (MCSF)
• Megakaryocyte growth factors -Thrombopoietin and Interleukin -2