Acetylcholine

Acetylcholine
           It is physiological neurotransmitter acting on both cholinergic receptors like  muscarinic and nicotinic receptors.It is quickly hydrolyzed by cholinesterase enzyme.


Pharmacological actions:

Heart                    :Bradycardia cardiac arrest and reduces impluse generation.
CNS                     :Act as neurotransmitter.
Smooth muscles  :Contraction of all smooth muscles.
Glands                 :Increased all secretions like sweating; salivation ;lacrimation; 
                              tracheo- bronchial and gastric secretions.
Blood vessels      : Dilatation of blood vessels by enhancing the release of nitric oxide.
Eye                      :Miosis.
Ganglia                :Stimulate both sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia.


Mechanism of actions:
           
                 Excitation of muscarinic and nicotinic receptors.

Contra- indicated in :
                      
Asthma
Coronary spasm
Hyperthyroidism
Peptic ulcer

Adverse effects:
Bradycardia
Hypotension
Flushing
Sweating
Breathing difficulty

Uses:
  As experimental tool.